Comparative Study of the Phytochemical, Proximate Composition, and Antioxidant Activity of Defatted and Non-Defatted Extracts of Cassia fistula Linn.
Tosin Adewumi Adebusuyi, Adedeji David Ogunbodede, Raphael-Bishop Abayomi, Emmanuel Tolofe, Daniel Uchenna Okere, Mary Abiola Okesola, Olusola Peter Ojo, Shalom Emem Ojo Elias Similoluwa Orekoya, Adeola Sunday Emaleku, Micheal Tosin Sobowale.
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Augustine University, Ilara Epe, Lagos Nigeria.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Augustine University, Ilara – Epe, Lagos State, Nigeria.
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba- Akoko, Ondo State.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences Ila-orangun, Nigeria.
| Key words:
Cassia fistula, seeds, leaves, defatted, Comparative analysis, proximate composition, Antioxidant.
*Corresponding Author: adedeji.ogunbodede@augustineuniversity.edu.ng
Page No: 208-217
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AbstractCassia fistula Linn has been used in the management of human diseases such as; asthma, leprosy, heart diseases and fever globally. This study evaluated the phytochemical, physicochemical, proximate composition and antioxidants activity of defatted and non-defatted ethanol extracts of Cassia fistula leaves and seed. Fresh leaves and seeds of Cassia fistula were collected from Augustine University Ilara-Epe, Lagos State. The materials were air-dried at room temperature and pulverized using electric blender. Homogenized leaves and seeds samples were divided into two portions. First portion (120 g) of leaves and seeds samples were separately defatted with 550 mL of n-hexane and then extracted with 1100 mL of ethanol. To the second portions, 1100 mL of ethanol was added to 120 g of leaves and seeds samples and kept for 72 hours. Filtrates of each extract were concentrated using rotary evaporator at 40 oC. The results showed that the non–defatted seed had the highest percentage extract yield of 2. 6%. The physicochemical parameters showed that non-defatted seed extract had the highest pH (6.94 ± 0.005) while defatted leaves extract had a significant increase in ash content (6.22 ± 0.28) compared to others. The proximate analysis showed that the non-defatted seed extract had a significant increase (P < 0.05) in lipid content. Protein content and carbohydrate increased significantly (P < 0.05) in defatted seed extract when compared to the defatted leaves extract, non-defatted leaves extract and non-defatted seed extracts. Defatted leaves extract had a significant increase (3.20 ± 0.005) in crude fibre. The non-defatted leaves of the Cassia fistula exhibited the highest ferric reducing power while the defatted seeds sample showed the highest DPPH and H2O2 scavenging activities. This study revealed that defatting of Cassia fistula increased ash, crude protein, and carbohydrates contents with enhanced antioxidant activities.
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