Evaluation of Antitumor Activities of Trimethoxy Benzaldehyde Substituted Chalcone (C5) in 1-Methyl Nitrosourea-Induced Mammary Tumor in Rats
Zahatu Muhammad*1, Jamilu Ya’u1, Abdulqadir Umar Zezi1, Mohammed Garba Magaji1 and
Asmau Nasiru Hamza2
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria
| Key words:
Mammary tumor, Chalcones, MNU.
*Corresponding author: zahatumuhammad@abu.edu.ng; Page No: 60-69 |
AbstractChalcones have been identified as potential antitumor agents, and beta-tubulin has been reported as a novel target for anticancer agents. This study evaluated the antitumor activity of the synthesized 2,3,4- trimethoxy benzaldehyde chalcone (C5) as a potential tubulin inhibitor. The LD50 of C5 was estimated using the OECD-425 guidelines in rats. A mammary tumor was induced by a single subcutaneous administration of 65 mg/kg of 1-methyl nitrosourea (MNU). The rats were palpated weekly to determine tumor size. Eight weeks after MNU administration, the rats were divided into five groups of six each and treated with graded doses (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) of C5and paclitaxel (10 mg/kg) for six weeks. Before treatment, three rats were randomly selected and sacrificed, and mammary gland samples were subjected to histological assessment to confirm tumor induction. At the end of the treatment period, the rats were euthanized, and blood samples, mammary glands, liver, and kidneys were collected and subjected to hematological, biochemical, and histological evaluations. The compound was relatively safe, with an LD50 > 2000 mg/kg. MNU-induced mammary tumor rats treated with C5 produced a significant decrease in tumor diameter compared with the untreated group, and histological slides of the mammary gland displayed fewer signs of hyperplasia and small numbers of connective tissue with larger lobules compared with the untreated group. Treatment with C5 did not produce significant differences in organosomatic indices, and the biochemical and hematological parameters were within the normal range. The synthesized chalcone demonstrated remarkable antitumor activity against MNU-induced mammary tumors in rats.
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