Phytochemical, Wound Healing and Toxicological Profiles of the Methanol Extract of Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & Rob. (Asteraceae) Leaves

Precious Chinaza Obiorah¹, Fabian Ifeanyi Eze*¹, Chidera Naomi Chidolue¹, Oforbuike Charles Ogbodo¹, Chibuzo Stanley Offorbuike¹, Chisom Maureen Amoke¹, Chioma Ciegel Chima¹, Jacob Ukpabio Inuaeyen³, Paul Ifeanyi Dominic¹, Wilfred Ikechukwu Ugwuoke², Wilfred Ofem.Obonga¹, Patience Ogoamaka Osadebe¹

Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria Nsukka, 410001, Nigeria.
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria Nsukka, 410001, Nigeria.
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, 500004, Nigeria

Key words:

Chromolaena odorata, Phytochemistry, Wound healing, Toxicology, Haematology

*Corresponding author: fabian.eze@unn.edu.ng;
DOI:https://doi.org/10.61594/tnpr.v6(2).2025.131

Page No: 164-173
Volume: 6, Issue 2, 2025
Trends in Natural Products Research
Copy Right: NAPREG

Abstract

Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae), commonly called ‘’ siamweed, is a medicinal shrub traditionally used to stop bleeding and treat wounds, burns, and skin infections. The extracts of this plant have been reported to contain alkaloids, flavonoids, essential oils, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the wound healing and sub-chronic toxicity profiles of the aqueous methanol extract of C. odorata. Sub-chronic toxicity studies were conducted by assessing the hematological parameters, liver, and kidney functions in experimental animals after oral administration of the extract for 14 days. In vivo wound healing activity was assessed in rats using an incision wound model. Topical application of a 50% extract in shea butter significantly (P < 0.05) increased the contraction rate of the incision wound relative to the control. However, oral administration of the extract for 14 days had no positive effect on wound healing but showed marked adverse effects on liver function and hematological parameters in the animals. Therefore, prolonged oral administration of C. odorata is not advisable.