Ameliorative Activity of Ethanol Leaf Extract and Fractions of Cleome ciliata Schum & Thonn, in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats


Immunomodulatory activities of Allium sativum L and Piper nigrum L on albino mice

Moses Aziakpono Omoirri 1* ,  Sonne Ikechukwu Mbagwu 2

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  1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, FederalUniversity of Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
  2. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, NnamdiAzikiwe, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.

 

Key words: Cleome ciliata, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, streptozotoc

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*Corresponding author:

moscoly15@gmail.com;

DOI: 10.48245/tnpr-2734391.2022.3.103

Page No:40-54
Volume: 3, Issue 1, 2022
Trends in Natural Products Research
Copy Right: NAPREG

Abstract

The present study evaluated the antidiabetic and antilipidemic effects of Cleome ciliata leaves in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Cleome ciliata is a medicinal plant from the Cleomaceae family and is widely used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. Crude ethanol extraction was done by cold maceration method. The crude ethanol extract was further fractionated using butanol, ethyl acetate and N hexane. The extract and its fractions were screened for phytochemical constituents. Acute oral toxicity of the extract was done, to ascertain its safety. Thecrude ethanol leaf extract, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water fractions, were tested for anti diabetic activity in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Lipid profile was also assessed. Histopathological examination of the pancreas was performed. Phytochemical result indicated the presence of steroids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, reducing sugar, proteins and amino acids. In the oral acute toxicity test no death was recorded up to 5000 mg/kg. C. ciliata and fractions evoked a dose related and significant (p < 0.001) hypoglycemic activity. The levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) were reduced, and the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) level was increased. A significant reduction in the serum glycated haemoglobin and a significant increase in serum insulin and liver glycogen were recorded. These results suggest that C. ciliata leaves contain hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic principles that could be explored in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus.