Antioxidant Potential And GC-MS Profiling of an Underutilized Wild Edible Fruit Maesobotrya barteri (Baill) Hutch
Godwin Ndarake Enin*1, Basil Nse Ita1, Paul Sunday Thomas2, Esther Godwin Akpan1 and Lucy Oluomachi Ukaegbu1
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Uyo, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria
| Key words:
Maesobotrya barteri, fruit extract, total phenolic and flavonoid, antioxidant activity, GC-MS analysis
*Corresponding author: godwinenin@uniuyo.edu.ng; Page No: 93-113 |
AbstractMaesobotrya barteri fruit is commonly consumed in southern Nigeria, owing to its medicinal and nutritional benefits. This study investigated the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and GC-MS profile of methanol and aqueous extracts of M. barteri fruit. The antioxidant properties of both extracts were assessed using DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and metal-chelating activity assays. Phytochemical screening revealed saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and cardiac glycosides in both extracts, whereas alkaloids and anthraquinones were absent. The total phenolic and flavonoid content ranged from 12.82 ±1.03 mg GAE/g to 15.75 ± 0.87 mg GAE/g and 49.10 ± 1.33 mg QE/g to 156. 3 ± 3.14 mg QE/g, respectively. Antioxidant analysis showed IC50 values for DPPH (74.88 ± 2.86, 113.30 ± 2.98, and 17.18 ± 0.61 μg/mL), FRAP (27.11 ± 1.55, 23.28 ± 0.85, and 38.15 ± 1.33 μg/mL), and metal chelating activity (71.12 ± 2.01, 135.96 ± 3.22, and 101.98 ± 2.08 μg/mL) for the methanol extract, aqueous extract, and ascorbic acid, respectively. GC-MS analysis identified 17 and 14 compounds in methanol and aqueous extracts, respectively. The major compounds in the methanol extract were glycerol, 6-oxa-bicyclo [3.1.0] hexan-3-one, erythritol, D-allose, and esters of hexadecenoic, octadecanoic, and octadecatrienoic acid. The aqueous extract was rich in glycerol, erythritol, 3,4tetrahydrofurandiol, cyclohexanone, and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural. The presence of these bioactive compounds highlights the potential applications of M. barteri fruits in phytomedicine and nutraceuticals.
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