Effects of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Dialium guineense Willd Leaves on the Stomach Architecture of Indomethacin-Intoxicated Albino Wistar Rats: Implication in Ulcer Management
Samuel Chukwudi Chime1, Emmanuel Obiora Abonyi2, Agu Augustine Uchechukwu1, Darren Chukwuemeka Samuel*1
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Nigeria College of Medicine Enugu Campus.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Enugu State University College of Medicine, Parklane Enugu
| Key words:
Ethyl acetate, Dialium guineense, ulcer, stomach, antioxidant, histopathology
*Corresponding Author: samueldarren02@gmail.com
Page No: 362-374
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AbstractPeptic ulcer disease (PUD) is prevalent in many developing countries like Nigeria mainly due to abuse of alcoholic beverages and excessive use of pain killer drugs. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ethyl acetate fraction of Dialium guineense (DG) leaves on the stomach architecture of indomethacin intoxicated Wistar rats. Methanol extract of the leaves was eluted with ethyl acetate to obtain the ethylacetate fraction (EAF). The fraction was subjected to phytochemical analysis. Thirty six adult Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups of 6 rats per group. Group 1 was normal control, while groups 2 – 6 received indomethacin (40 mg/kg via oral gavage). Group 2 animals were indomethacin control, Group 3 received omeprazole (20 mg/kg), while Groups 4 to 6 received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of ethyl acetate fraction respectively. The animals were treated for 14 days after indomethacin administration. On the 15th day blood samples were taken and the animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and their stomach isolated for histopathology. Free acidity, total acidity and pH were estimated. Anitoxidant activity was investigated using gluthathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of total phenolics, and tannins in high concentration, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and steroids in moderate concentration. Antioxidant studies indicated significantly (P < 0.05) increased and decreased values of SOD and MDA respectively, CAT and GSH were significantly decreased. Free acidity and total acidity significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the treatment groups, while pH was not significantly (P > 0.05) altered. Histopathology demonstrated normal stomach histoarchitecture in the EAF treatment groups with mild shedding of mucosal lining in positive control.
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