Green Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles from Catfish Bone: A Novel Approach for Sustainable Biomaterial intended for Biomedical Applications.
Frank Ohwoavworhua*, Abishag Stephen, Ademola Oduola, Mamuda Bappah
- Department Of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gombe State University, Gombe State.
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Catfish bone, Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, Alkaline hydrolysis, Characterization..
*Corresponding Author: frankohwo@gsu.edu
Page No: 121–129
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AbstractThe objective of this study was to develop a green synthetic method of production of hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles from catfish bone, considered as an excellent source due to its abundance and low cost. Hydroxyapatite is a highly versatile biomaterial, and its significance in biomedical science has led to investigation into its numerous synthetic methods, which include: precipitation, hydrothermal, biomimetic deposition, electrodeposition, calcination and alkaline hydrolysis techniques. Most of these techniques have limitations ranging from the use of ‘cocktail’ of inorganic and organic compounds – making the process very expensive, the risk of agglomerations, the high-energy requirement, to the risk of formation of a second phase reaction. We report a novel method of synthesizing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles from catfish bones using 20 % sodium hydroxide solution at 80 °C under vigorous stirring. The hydroxyapatite nanomaterial was characterized for the elemental compositions, the chemical groups present using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the crystallite nature using the X-ray diffraction (XRD), the morphology using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the thermal profile using the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), as well as the powder properties determinations. The results showed HAp nanoparticles exhibited irregular shapes rather than a specific particle shape; the elemental analysis revealed the existence of calcium and phosphate ions as oxides, as well the presence of some trace elements that will benefit tissue engineering. The powder properties indicate that HAp nanomaterial have fair to passable flow properties, while the moisture sorption capacity indicates that the material is capable of taking up water if not properly stored. The findings suggest that the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles derived from catfish bone have particulate and powder properties suitable for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
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